High myopia, also known as severe nearsightedness, is a condition where the eye is elongated, causing light to focus in front of the retina instead of directly on it. This can result in blurry vision, difficulty seeing distant objects, and an increased risk of developing certain eye conditions. While there is no cure for high myopia, there are several treatment options available to manage the condition and improve visual acuity.
The most common and non-invasive treatment for high myopia is the use of eyeglasses or contact lenses. These corrective lenses help to compensate for the refractive error by adjusting the way light enters the eye. They can provide clear vision and improve visual acuity for individuals with high myopia. Eyeglasses are generally preferred for everyday use, while contact lenses offer a more natural field of view and are suitable for various activities.
Refractive surgery is a surgical procedure that aims to permanently correct the refractive error in the eye. There are different types of refractive surgeries available for high myopia, including:
Refractive surgery can significantly reduce or eliminate the need for glasses or contact lenses, providing long-term vision correction. However, it is important to consult with an experienced ophthalmologist to determine the suitability and potential risks of these procedures.
Orthokeratology, also known as ortho-k or corneal reshaping therapy, involves wearing specially designed gas-permeable contact lenses overnight. These lenses gently reshape the cornea while you sleep, temporarily correcting the refractive error. The effect of orthokeratology lenses can last throughout the day, allowing clear vision without the need for glasses or contact lenses. However, the cornea gradually returns to its original shape, so regular use of ortho-k lenses is necessary to maintain the desired visual correction.
Low-dose atropine eye drops have shown promising results in slowing down the progression of myopia, including high myopia, especially in children and adolescents. Atropine is a medication that temporarily relaxes the focusing mechanism of the eye, reducing eye strain and potentially limiting the elongation of the eyeball. These eye drops are typically used once daily, and their effectiveness should be monitored by an eye care professional.
While lifestyle modifications cannot reverse high myopia, they can help manage the condition and promote overall eye health. Some recommendations include:
It is important to consult with an eye care professional to determine the most suitable treatment options for high myopia based on individual circumstances and visual needs. They can provide personalized recommendations and monitor any changes in the condition over time.