Which are the symptoms of Acanthosis Nigricans?

Symptoms of Acanthosis Nigricans

Acanthosis nigricans is a skin condition characterized by dark, thickened patches of skin that typically develop in the folds and creases of the body. These patches may appear tan, brown, or black and have a velvety texture. While acanthosis nigricans itself is not harmful or contagious, it can be a sign of an underlying medical condition or risk factors that require attention.

1. Skin discoloration: The most noticeable symptom of acanthosis nigricans is the darkening of the skin. The affected areas may be thicker and feel velvety to the touch. Common sites for these patches include the neck, armpits, groin, elbows, knees, and knuckles.

2. Skin texture changes: The affected skin may become thicker, rougher, or have a leathery texture. It may also feel itchy or irritated.

3. Body odor: Acanthosis nigricans can sometimes be associated with an unpleasant odor, particularly in areas where the skin folds and sweats more, such as the armpits or groin.

4. Skin tags: In some cases, small, benign growths called skin tags may develop in the affected areas. These are typically harmless but can be bothersome or cosmetically undesirable.

5. Associated symptoms: Acanthosis nigricans is often associated with underlying medical conditions or risk factors. These may include:

• Insulin resistance: Acanthosis nigricans is commonly seen in individuals with insulin resistance, a condition in which the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin. This can be a precursor to type 2 diabetes.


• Obesity: Being overweight or obese is a common risk factor for developing acanthosis nigricans.


• Hormonal disorders: Certain hormonal disorders, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or disorders affecting the adrenal glands, may contribute to the development of acanthosis nigricans.


• Medications: Some medications, such as oral contraceptives or high-dose niacin, have been associated with the development of acanthosis nigricans.


• Cancer: In rare cases, acanthosis nigricans may be a sign of an underlying cancer, particularly stomach or liver cancer.

If you notice any of these symptoms, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and evaluation. They will assess your medical history, perform a physical examination, and may order additional tests to determine the underlying cause of the acanthosis nigricans.

Treatment: The treatment of acanthosis nigricans focuses on addressing the underlying cause or risk factors. This may involve lifestyle modifications, such as weight loss and improved diet, to manage insulin resistance or obesity. In some cases, treating the underlying medical condition or adjusting medications may help improve the symptoms of acanthosis nigricans. Additionally, topical creams or ointments containing retinoids or other medications may be prescribed to help lighten and smooth the affected skin.

Prevention: While acanthosis nigricans cannot always be prevented, adopting a healthy lifestyle can help reduce the risk factors associated with its development. Maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and managing any underlying medical conditions can all contribute to overall skin health.