Bejel / Endemic Syphilis synonyms

Bejel is a term used to describe a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. It is also known as endemic syphilis due to its prevalence in certain regions of the world. This disease primarily affects individuals living in arid and semi-arid areas, particularly in the Middle East, Africa, and parts of Asia.

The transmission of bejel occurs through direct contact with infected individuals, typically during childhood. Poor hygiene and overcrowded living conditions contribute to its spread. The primary symptoms of bejel include painless sores or ulcers on the skin, mucous membranes, and bones. These lesions can persist for months or even years if left untreated.

Bejel shares similarities with other forms of syphilis, such as venereal syphilis and congenital syphilis. However, it is important to note that bejel is not sexually transmitted. Unlike venereal syphilis, bejel does not cause the development of genital ulcers or rash. Additionally, bejel does not pose a risk of transmission from mother to fetus during pregnancy, unlike congenital syphilis.

Diagnosis of bejel involves a combination of clinical evaluation, examination of characteristic lesions, and laboratory tests. Treatment typically involves the administration of antibiotics, such as penicillin, to eliminate the infection. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent the progression of the disease and its potential complications.

Prevention of bejel primarily focuses on improving hygiene practices, access to clean water, and adequate sanitation facilities. Public health interventions, such as health education programs and regular screening, can also contribute to the control and prevention of bejel.