What is Cardiac syndrome X / Microvascular Angina

Cardiac syndrome X, also known as microvascular angina, is a condition characterized by chest pain or discomfort caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. Unlike traditional angina, which is caused by blockages in the major coronary arteries, cardiac syndrome X affects the smaller blood vessels in the heart, known as the microvasculature.

Individuals with cardiac syndrome X often experience symptoms similar to those with coronary artery disease, such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue. However, diagnostic tests for blockages in the major arteries typically come back normal in these patients. The exact cause of cardiac syndrome X is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve abnormalities in the function of the microvasculature.

Treatment for cardiac syndrome X focuses on relieving symptoms and improving quality of life. This may involve medications to control chest pain, reduce blood pressure, or manage other underlying conditions. Lifestyle changes, such as adopting a heart-healthy diet, regular exercise, and stress management, can also be beneficial.

It is important for individuals experiencing symptoms of cardiac syndrome X to seek medical evaluation and guidance for proper diagnosis and management.