What is Catamenial Pneumothorax

Catamenial Pneumothorax: Catamenial pneumothorax is a rare condition characterized by the presence of air or gas in the pleural cavity (the space between the lungs and the chest wall) during or around the time of menstruation. It occurs predominantly in women of reproductive age and is thought to be related to endometriosis, a condition where the tissue lining the uterus grows outside of it.

The exact cause of catamenial pneumothorax is not fully understood, but it is believed to occur when endometrial tissue implants in the chest cavity, leading to the formation of small cysts or blebs on the lung surface. These cysts can rupture, causing air to leak into the pleural space and resulting in a collapsed lung.

Symptoms:

• Chest pain or discomfort, typically on one side


• Shortness of breath


• Coughing


• Shoulder or abdominal pain (in some cases)

Treatment:

Treatment for catamenial pneumothorax typically involves a combination of medical and surgical interventions. The initial management may include the insertion of a chest tube to remove the air and re-expand the lung. Surgical options may include removal of endometrial implants, sealing of air leaks, or even removal of affected lung tissue in severe cases.