Cherubism is a rare genetic disorder that primarily affects the bones of the face and jaw. It is characterized by abnormal growth and development of these facial bones, resulting in a distinctive appearance. The condition typically becomes noticeable in early childhood and progresses until puberty, after which it stabilizes and may even regress. Let's explore the symptoms associated with Cherubism.
Facial Swelling: One of the hallmark symptoms of Cherubism is facial swelling, particularly in the lower part of the face. This swelling gives affected individuals a cherubic or angelic appearance, hence the name of the condition. The cheeks and jawline are most commonly affected, leading to a round and full face.
Delayed or Impaired Teeth Eruption: Cherubism can cause delayed eruption or impaired development of teeth. The teeth may be crowded or misaligned due to the abnormal growth of the jawbones. This can lead to dental problems, such as malocclusion (improper bite) and difficulty in chewing or speaking.
Enlarged Jaw: The jawbones in individuals with Cherubism may become significantly enlarged. This enlargement is usually bilateral, affecting both sides of the face equally. The overgrowth of the jawbones can cause functional problems, such as difficulty in opening and closing the mouth fully.
Thickened Gum Tissue: Another common symptom of Cherubism is the thickening of gum tissue. The gums may appear swollen and puffy, contributing to the overall facial swelling. This can lead to dental complications and may require specialized dental care.
Eye Abnormalities: In some cases, Cherubism can affect the eyes. The condition may cause the eyes to appear more widely spaced or bulging due to the abnormal growth of the facial bones. However, eye involvement is not present in all individuals with Cherubism.
Speech and Hearing Difficulties: In severe cases, Cherubism can lead to speech and hearing difficulties. The enlarged jawbones and misaligned teeth can affect the positioning of the tongue and interfere with proper speech production. Additionally, the abnormal growth of bones near the ears may impact hearing.
It's important to note that the severity and progression of Cherubism can vary widely among affected individuals. Some may experience mild symptoms that do not significantly impact their daily lives, while others may have more pronounced facial deformities and functional limitations. Regular monitoring and appropriate medical and dental care are essential for managing the condition and addressing any associated complications.