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How is Chronic Kidney Disease diagnosed?

See how Chronic Kidney Disease is diagnosed. Which specialists are essential to meet, what tests are needed and other useful information for the diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease

Chronic Kidney Disease diagnosis

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a condition characterized by the gradual loss of kidney function over time. It is important to diagnose CKD early to prevent further damage and manage the condition effectively. The diagnosis of CKD involves a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies.



Medical History Evaluation


During the medical history evaluation, the healthcare provider will ask questions about symptoms, family history of kidney disease, past medical conditions, and medications. They will also inquire about risk factors such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular disease, as these conditions can contribute to the development of CKD.



Physical Examination


A physical examination may be performed to assess signs of kidney disease. The healthcare provider may check blood pressure, listen to the heart and lungs, and examine the abdomen for any abnormalities.



Laboratory Tests


Laboratory tests play a crucial role in diagnosing CKD. The following tests are commonly used:




  • Blood Tests: Blood tests measure the levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in the blood. Elevated levels of these waste products indicate impaired kidney function. Additionally, blood electrolyte levels, such as potassium and calcium, are assessed.

  • Urine Tests: Urine tests help evaluate kidney function and detect the presence of protein or blood in the urine. Proteinuria and hematuria are common signs of kidney damage.

  • GFR Calculation: The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of how well the kidneys are filtering waste from the blood. It is calculated using a formula that takes into account the creatinine level, age, gender, and race.



Imaging Studies


Imaging studies may be ordered to assess the structure and size of the kidneys. These include:




  • Ultrasound: An ultrasound uses sound waves to create images of the kidneys. It can help identify any abnormalities, such as kidney stones or cysts.

  • CT Scan: A computed tomography (CT) scan provides detailed cross-sectional images of the kidneys. It can help detect tumors, obstructions, or other structural abnormalities.

  • MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses powerful magnets and radio waves to generate detailed images of the kidneys. It is particularly useful in evaluating blood flow and detecting kidney damage.



Additional Tests


In some cases, additional tests may be necessary to determine the underlying cause of CKD or assess its progression. These tests may include kidney biopsy, genetic testing, or specialized imaging studies.



It is important to note that the diagnosis of CKD is based on the combination of these evaluations and tests. A healthcare professional will interpret the results and provide a comprehensive diagnosis. Early detection and management of CKD can help slow down its progression and improve outcomes for individuals living with this condition.


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Blood and urine tests

Posted Apr 18, 2017 by Karen 2050

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