Ciguatera is a type of foodborne illness caused by consuming fish contaminated with toxins produced by certain marine microorganisms. These toxins, known as ciguatoxins, accumulate in large predatory fish such as barracuda, grouper, and snapper, which feed on smaller fish that have ingested the toxins. Ciguatera is most commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in the Caribbean, Pacific Islands, and Indian Ocean.
Symptoms of ciguatera poisoning can vary but typically include gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. However, the distinguishing feature of ciguatera is the presence of neurological symptoms, which can range from numbness and tingling in the extremities to muscle weakness and even hallucinations. These symptoms can persist for weeks or even months, causing significant discomfort and impairment.
Treatment for ciguatera poisoning primarily focuses on managing symptoms and providing supportive care. There is no specific antidote for ciguatoxins. It is important to seek medical attention if you suspect ciguatera poisoning, as healthcare professionals can help alleviate symptoms and monitor for any complications.
To prevent ciguatera, it is recommended to avoid consuming large predatory fish, especially in regions where ciguatera is prevalent. Cooking does not destroy ciguatoxins, so proper handling and sourcing of fish are crucial to minimize the risk of contamination.