CINCA syndrome, also known as Chronic Infantile Neurological Cutaneous and Articular syndrome, is a rare autoinflammatory disorder that primarily affects infants and children. It is characterized by persistent inflammation in various parts of the body, including the skin, joints, and central nervous system.
The ICD-10 code for CINCA syndrome is M04.8. This code falls under the category of "Other juvenile arthritis" in the ICD-10 coding system. It is important to note that CINCA syndrome is a specific subtype of juvenile arthritis.
In the previous coding system, ICD-9, CINCA syndrome was not specifically identified as a distinct condition. However, it can be classified under the broader category of "Other specified arthritis" with the code 714.8.
CINCA syndrome is a complex disorder with a wide range of symptoms. It typically presents in early infancy and is characterized by recurrent fever, rash, joint pain, and swelling. The severity of symptoms can vary among individuals, but the condition is generally chronic and progressive.
Other common features of CINCA syndrome include neurological abnormalities such as headache, irritability, and developmental delay. Additionally, affected individuals may experience eye inflammation, growth disturbances, and skeletal abnormalities.
Diagnosis of CINCA syndrome is based on clinical evaluation, medical history, and specific diagnostic criteria. Genetic testing may also be performed to identify mutations in the NLRP3 gene, which is associated with this condition.
Treatment for CINCA syndrome aims to manage symptoms and prevent complications. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and alleviate pain. In some cases, biologic agents that target specific inflammatory pathways may be used.
Due to the rarity and complexity of CINCA syndrome, a multidisciplinary approach involving various medical specialists is often necessary. This may include rheumatologists, dermatologists, neurologists, and ophthalmologists, among others.
Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial in improving the long-term outcomes for individuals with CINCA syndrome. Regular follow-up visits and ongoing monitoring of symptoms and disease progression are essential.
While CINCA syndrome is a challenging condition, ongoing research and advancements in treatment options offer hope for improved quality of life for affected individuals.