How do I know if I have Coats Disease?

Coats Disease is a rare eye disorder that primarily affects children and young adults. It is characterized by abnormal blood vessel development in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. This condition typically affects only one eye, although it can rarely occur in both eyes.

Symptoms: The signs and symptoms of Coats Disease can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Some common symptoms include:

• Decreased vision or blurry vision in one eye


• Whitish or yellowish discoloration of the pupil


• Strabismus (crossed or misaligned eyes)


• Leaking or yellowish fluid from the eye


• Retinal detachment (in severe cases)

Diagnosis: If you suspect you may have Coats Disease, it is crucial to consult an ophthalmologist, a medical doctor specializing in eye care. The diagnosis typically involves a comprehensive eye examination, including:

• Visual acuity test to assess your vision


• Retinal examination using an ophthalmoscope to evaluate the blood vessels and retina


• Fluorescein angiography, where a dye is injected into a vein to highlight any abnormal blood vessels


• Ocular coherence tomography (OCT) to create detailed images of the retina

Treatment: The treatment for Coats Disease depends on the severity and progression of the condition. Mild cases may not require immediate treatment, but regular monitoring is essential. In more advanced cases, treatment options may include:

• Laser therapy to seal leaking blood vessels and prevent further damage


• Cryotherapy, which uses extreme cold to destroy abnormal blood vessels


• Intravitreal injections of medication to reduce inflammation and leakage


• Retinal surgery to repair retinal detachment, if present

Prognosis: The prognosis for individuals with Coats Disease varies depending on the stage of the disease and the extent of retinal damage. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can help preserve vision and prevent complications. However, if left untreated or in severe cases, Coats Disease can lead to permanent vision loss or even blindness.

If you are experiencing any of the symptoms associated with Coats Disease, it is crucial to seek medical attention from an ophthalmologist for a proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment.