Which are the symptoms of Coats Disease?

Coats disease is a rare eye disorder that primarily affects children and young adults. It is characterized by abnormal development of blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. These abnormal blood vessels leak fluid and cause a range of symptoms that can vary in severity.

Vision problems: One of the most common symptoms of Coats disease is a gradual or sudden loss of vision in one eye. This vision loss may be mild or severe, depending on the extent of retinal damage. Some individuals may experience blurred or distorted vision, while others may have a noticeable decrease in visual acuity.

Strabismus: Coats disease can also lead to strabismus, a condition in which the eyes are misaligned and do not focus on the same point. This misalignment can cause double vision or the perception of objects appearing in different locations.

Leukocoria: Leukocoria, also known as "white pupil," is a significant symptom of Coats disease. It occurs when the abnormal blood vessels in the retina cause the pupil to appear white instead of the normal black. This can be observed in certain lighting conditions or when a flash is used while taking photographs.

Retinal detachment: In advanced stages of Coats disease, the abnormal blood vessels can lead to retinal detachment. This occurs when the retina pulls away from the back of the eye, causing a sudden onset of floaters, flashes of light, and a curtain-like shadow in the field of vision. Retinal detachment is a serious complication that requires immediate medical attention.

Glaucoma: Some individuals with Coats disease may develop glaucoma, a condition characterized by increased pressure within the eye. Glaucoma can cause eye pain, redness, blurred vision, and, if left untreated, can lead to permanent vision loss.

Strabismus: Coats disease can also lead to strabismus, a condition in which the eyes are misaligned and do not focus on the same point. This misalignment can cause double vision or the perception of objects appearing in different locations.

Other symptoms: Additional symptoms of Coats disease may include eye redness, eye fatigue, poor night vision, and a noticeable difference in the color of the iris (heterochromia). These symptoms can vary from person to person and depend on the stage and severity of the disease.

It is important to note that the symptoms of Coats disease can resemble those of other eye conditions, so a proper diagnosis by an ophthalmologist is crucial. Early detection and intervention are essential to prevent further vision loss and complications.