Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by a weakened immune system. People with CVID have low levels of antibodies, which are essential for fighting off infections. This condition typically manifests during adolescence or adulthood.
Individuals with CVID are more susceptible to recurrent infections, particularly in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. They may experience frequent bouts of pneumonia, sinusitis, bronchitis, and gastrointestinal infections. Additionally, CVID can lead to autoimmune disorders, where the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues.
The exact cause of CVID is unknown, but it is believed to have a genetic component. Diagnosis involves blood tests to measure antibody levels and exclude other potential causes. Treatment for CVID focuses on managing symptoms and preventing infections. This often involves regular infusions of immunoglobulins to boost antibody levels and reduce the risk of infections.
Early detection and proper management of CVID can significantly improve the quality of life for individuals affected by this condition. Regular medical follow-ups and adherence to treatment plans are crucial for minimizing complications and maintaining overall health.