Symptoms of Congenital Hyperinsulinism
Congenital Hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by excessive insulin production in the pancreas. This condition leads to low blood sugar levels, also known as hypoglycemia. The symptoms of CHI can vary in severity and may present shortly after birth or during infancy.
Hypoglycemia: The hallmark symptom of CHI is recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia. Infants with CHI may experience low blood sugar levels, which can cause a range of symptoms including:
- Seizures: Hypoglycemia can trigger seizures in infants with CHI. These seizures may be focal or generalized and can vary in duration and intensity.
- Lethargy and Weakness: Low blood sugar levels can cause infants to appear excessively sleepy, lethargic, or weak.
- Irritability: Infants with CHI may exhibit irritability, fussiness, or inconsolable crying.
- Poor Feeding: Babies with CHI may have difficulty feeding or may refuse to eat altogether.
- Sweating: Excessive sweating, especially during episodes of hypoglycemia, is a common symptom of CHI.
- Tremors: Infants may display tremors or shakiness, particularly during episodes of low blood sugar.
- Pale Skin: CHI can cause the skin to appear pale or bluish during hypoglycemic episodes.
- Rapid Heartbeat: Some infants with CHI may have an increased heart rate during episodes of low blood sugar.
Other Symptoms: In addition to hypoglycemia-related symptoms, there are other signs that may indicate the presence of CHI:
- Large Birth Size: Some infants with CHI may be larger than average at birth, often due to excessive insulin production in the womb.
- Delayed Development: If left untreated, CHI can lead to developmental delays, including motor and cognitive impairments.
- Severe Cases: In severe cases of CHI, infants may experience life-threatening complications such as seizures that are difficult to control, breathing difficulties, and even coma.
If you suspect that your child may have CHI or if they are experiencing symptoms of hypoglycemia, it is crucial to seek medical attention promptly. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent long-term complications and ensure the well-being of the child.