How is Conversion Disorder diagnosed?

Diagnosing Conversion Disorder

Conversion disorder, also known as functional neurological symptom disorder, is a condition in which individuals experience physical symptoms that cannot be explained by any underlying medical condition. These symptoms are believed to be related to psychological distress or unresolved emotional conflicts. Diagnosing conversion disorder can be challenging as it requires ruling out other possible causes for the symptoms.

Medical Evaluation

The first step in diagnosing conversion disorder is a thorough medical evaluation. A healthcare professional, typically a neurologist or psychiatrist, will review the patient's medical history and conduct a physical examination. This is done to identify any potential underlying medical conditions that could be causing the symptoms. Blood tests, imaging studies, and other diagnostic tests may also be ordered to rule out other possible causes.

Psychiatric Evaluation

Since conversion disorder is believed to have a psychological basis, a psychiatric evaluation is an essential part of the diagnostic process. A mental health professional, such as a psychiatrist or psychologist, will assess the patient's mental health and emotional well-being. They will explore any potential stressors, traumatic events, or unresolved conflicts that may be contributing to the symptoms. The evaluation may involve interviews, questionnaires, and psychological assessments.

Diagnostic Criteria

The diagnosis of conversion disorder is based on specific criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which is widely used by healthcare professionals. The DSM-5 criteria for conversion disorder include:

• Presence of physical symptoms: The individual must have one or more symptoms affecting voluntary motor or sensory function.


• Psychological factors: There must be evidence of psychological factors that are associated with the onset or worsening of the symptoms.


• Not explained by medical condition: The symptoms cannot be fully explained by any known medical condition or substance abuse.


• Not intentionally produced or feigned: The symptoms are not intentionally produced or feigned, as in factitious disorder or malingering.


• Significant distress or impairment: The symptoms cause significant distress or impairment in daily functioning.

Collaborative Approach

Diagnosing conversion disorder often requires a collaborative approach involving multiple healthcare professionals. This may include neurologists, psychiatrists, psychologists, and other specialists. The goal is to gather comprehensive information from different perspectives and disciplines to ensure an accurate diagnosis.

Follow-up and Monitoring

Once a diagnosis of conversion disorder is made, ongoing follow-up and monitoring are crucial. This allows healthcare professionals to track the progress of symptoms, assess the effectiveness of treatment, and provide necessary support. Treatment for conversion disorder typically involves a combination of psychotherapy, physical therapy, and sometimes medication.

In conclusion, diagnosing conversion disorder involves a comprehensive evaluation of medical and psychiatric factors. It requires ruling out other potential causes for the symptoms and meeting specific criteria outlined in the DSM-5. A collaborative approach and ongoing monitoring are essential for accurate diagnosis and effective management of conversion disorder.