Which are the symptoms of Eosinophilic esophagitis?

Symptoms of Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder that affects the esophagus, the tube that connects the throat to the stomach. It is characterized by the presence of a high number of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell, in the esophageal tissue. EoE can cause a range of symptoms, which can vary in severity from person to person. Here are some common symptoms associated with EoE:

Dysphagia

Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, is one of the hallmark symptoms of EoE. Individuals with EoE may experience a sensation of food getting stuck in the throat or chest, making it challenging to swallow both solid and liquid foods. This can lead to discomfort, pain, and a feeling of fullness.

Food Impaction

Food impaction occurs when a piece of food becomes lodged in the esophagus, causing a blockage. This can result in severe chest pain, difficulty breathing, and emergency medical attention may be required to remove the obstruction.

Heartburn and Acid Reflux

Many individuals with EoE experience symptoms similar to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), such as heartburn and acid reflux. This occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing a burning sensation in the chest or throat. However, unlike GERD, EoE is not primarily caused by excess stomach acid.

Abdominal Pain

Abdominal pain is a common symptom of EoE, particularly in children. The pain may be localized in the upper abdomen and can range from mild to severe. It may be accompanied by bloating, cramping, and general discomfort.

Nausea and Vomiting

Some individuals with EoE may experience nausea and vomiting as a result of the inflammation and irritation in the esophagus. These symptoms can be particularly distressing, especially if they occur frequently or interfere with daily activities.

Food Aversion

Due to the discomfort and pain associated with swallowing, individuals with EoE may develop a food aversion. They may avoid certain foods or reduce their overall food intake, leading to weight loss or inadequate nutrition.

Poor Growth and Weight Loss

In children, EoE can interfere with normal growth and development. The chronic inflammation in the esophagus can lead to poor appetite, inadequate nutrient absorption, and weight loss. It is important to monitor the growth of children with EoE and address any nutritional deficiencies.

Regurgitation

Regurgitation refers to the backflow of undigested food or liquid into the mouth. It can occur spontaneously or during or after meals. This symptom can be distressing and may contribute to dental problems, bad breath, and a decreased quality of life.

Chest Pain

Chest pain is a common symptom of EoE and can be mistaken for heart-related issues. The pain may be sharp, burning, or pressure-like and is typically felt behind the breastbone. It may worsen with swallowing or after eating.

Difficulty Sleeping

Some individuals with EoE may experience difficulty sleeping due to the discomfort caused by the condition. The symptoms, such as dysphagia and chest pain, can disrupt sleep patterns and lead to fatigue and daytime sleepiness.

If you or your child experience any of these symptoms, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. EoE can be a chronic condition, but with proper treatment and lifestyle modifications, individuals with EoE can lead a healthy and fulfilling life.