What is Factor V Leiden

Factor V Leiden is a genetic mutation that affects blood clotting. It is the most common inherited clotting disorder among individuals of European descent. This mutation increases the risk of developing abnormal blood clots, known as venous thromboembolism (VTE), which can occur in veins throughout the body.

Factor V Leiden is caused by a mutation in the gene that produces a protein called factor V, which plays a crucial role in the clotting process. The mutation leads to an altered form of factor V, known as factor V Leiden, which is resistant to degradation by a natural anticoagulant called activated protein C.

Individuals with Factor V Leiden have an increased risk of developing blood clots, particularly in deep veins of the legs (deep vein thrombosis) or in the lungs (pulmonary embolism). The risk is further elevated in situations that promote clot formation, such as surgery, pregnancy, or hormonal contraceptive use.

Diagnosis of Factor V Leiden is typically done through a blood test that detects the presence of the mutated gene. Treatment may involve anticoagulant medications to prevent clot formation and reduce the risk of complications.