Which are the symptoms of Frontotemporal Degeneration?

Symptoms of Frontotemporal Degeneration

Frontotemporal Degeneration (FTD) is a group of disorders characterized by progressive damage to the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain. These disorders primarily affect behavior, language, and personality, leading to significant changes in an individual's cognitive and social functioning. The symptoms of FTD can vary depending on the specific subtype of the disease and the areas of the brain that are most affected.

Behavioral Symptoms:

One of the hallmark features of FTD is a significant change in behavior and personality. Individuals with FTD may exhibit:

• Disinhibition: They may engage in impulsive or socially inappropriate behaviors, such as making inappropriate comments or gestures.


• Apathy: They may lose interest in activities they previously enjoyed and show a lack of motivation or initiative.


• Compulsive behaviors: They may develop repetitive or ritualistic behaviors, such as excessive handwashing or hoarding.


• Changes in eating habits: They may develop a preference for certain foods or overeat, leading to weight gain.


• Loss of empathy: They may become less sensitive to the emotions and needs of others, leading to strained relationships.

Language Symptoms:

Language difficulties are another common feature of FTD. These symptoms may include:

• Speech problems: They may have difficulty finding the right words, speak in short phrases, or produce speech that is grammatically incorrect.


• Difficulty understanding language: They may struggle to comprehend spoken or written language, leading to misunderstandings.


• Loss of reading and writing skills: They may have difficulty reading books, newspapers, or even simple instructions. Writing may become challenging as well.

Cognitive Symptoms:

In addition to behavioral and language changes, FTD can also affect cognitive abilities. These symptoms may include:

• Memory problems: They may experience difficulties with short-term memory, such as forgetting recent conversations or events.


• Impaired judgment and decision-making: They may struggle to make sound decisions or exhibit poor judgment in various situations.


• Difficulty with planning and organization: They may have trouble initiating and completing tasks, managing finances, or following complex instructions.


• Decreased problem-solving abilities: They may find it challenging to solve problems or think abstractly.

It is important to note that the symptoms of FTD can vary widely among individuals, and the rate of progression can also differ. Some individuals may primarily exhibit behavioral changes, while others may experience more pronounced language or cognitive difficulties. The specific symptoms and their severity can help healthcare professionals determine the subtype of FTD and develop appropriate management strategies.