Fructose intolerance, also known as hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI), is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to break down fructose, a type of sugar found in many fruits, vegetables, and sweeteners. Individuals with fructose intolerance lack the enzyme called aldolase B, which is necessary for metabolizing fructose. As a result, fructose builds up in the body, leading to various symptoms and complications.
Gastrointestinal Symptoms:
One of the primary symptoms of fructose intolerance is gastrointestinal distress. Individuals with this condition may experience:
General Symptoms:
In addition to gastrointestinal symptoms, fructose intolerance can cause various general symptoms, including:
Complications:
If left untreated, fructose intolerance can lead to several complications, including:
Diagnosis and Management:
If fructose intolerance is suspected, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and specialized tests.
Currently, there is no cure for fructose intolerance, so management primarily involves avoiding foods and drinks that contain fructose or high amounts of sucrose (table sugar). A registered dietitian can help create a suitable diet plan that minimizes fructose intake while ensuring adequate nutrition.
It is crucial for individuals with fructose intolerance to read food labels carefully and be aware of hidden sources of fructose, such as certain sauces, dressings, and processed foods. With proper management and dietary changes, individuals with fructose intolerance can lead healthy lives and minimize the impact of symptoms and complications.