Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive and malignant brain tumor that originates from glial cells in the brain. It is the most common and deadliest form of primary brain cancer in adults. The symptoms of GBM can vary depending on the location and size of the tumor, as well as the individual patient. However, there are several common symptoms that may indicate the presence of GBM.
One of the most common symptoms of GBM is persistent and severe headaches. These headaches are often more intense in the morning or during periods of physical activity. They may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light.
Seizures are another common symptom of GBM. They can manifest as convulsions, muscle jerking, or loss of consciousness. Seizures may occur suddenly and without warning, or they may be preceded by an aura, which is a warning sign that a seizure is about to occur.
GBM can cause various cognitive and neurological changes in affected individuals. These changes may include memory loss, difficulty concentrating, confusion, personality changes, and impaired judgment. Patients may also experience weakness or numbness in the limbs, difficulty speaking or understanding language, and problems with coordination and balance.
In some cases, GBM can affect vision and hearing. Patients may experience blurred or double vision, partial or complete loss of vision, or hearing loss. These symptoms can occur gradually or suddenly, depending on the location of the tumor in the brain.
Many individuals with GBM experience persistent fatigue and sleep disturbances. They may feel constantly tired, lack energy, and have difficulty sleeping or staying asleep. Fatigue can significantly impact daily activities and quality of life.
GBM can also cause changes in mood and behavior. Patients may become irritable, anxious, or depressed. They may experience sudden mood swings or exhibit uncharacteristic behaviors. These changes can be distressing for both the patient and their loved ones.
As GBM progresses, the symptoms tend to worsen over time. Headaches may become more frequent and severe, seizures may increase in frequency or intensity, and cognitive and neurological changes may become more pronounced. It is crucial to seek medical attention if any of these symptoms occur, as early diagnosis and treatment can improve outcomes.
It is important to note that the symptoms of GBM can be similar to those of other brain conditions, and a proper medical evaluation is necessary for an accurate diagnosis. If you or someone you know is experiencing any of these symptoms, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation and appropriate management.