What is Hairy Cell Leukemia

Hairy Cell Leukemia (HCL) is a rare type of chronic leukemia that affects the blood and bone marrow. It is characterized by the excessive growth of abnormal B cells, which are a type of white blood cell responsible for producing antibodies to fight infections.

HCL gets its name from the hair-like projections that cover the surface of the abnormal B cells when viewed under a microscope. These cells can accumulate in the bone marrow, spleen, and liver, leading to various symptoms.

Common symptoms of HCL include fatigue, weakness, recurrent infections, enlarged spleen, easy bruising or bleeding, and frequent or severe infections. However, some individuals with HCL may not experience any symptoms initially.

Diagnosis of HCL involves blood tests, bone marrow biopsy, and imaging studies to assess the extent of the disease. Once diagnosed, treatment options for HCL may include chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or targeted therapy drugs.

Prognosis for HCL is generally favorable, with most patients achieving long-term remission. However, regular follow-up appointments are necessary to monitor the disease and manage any potential relapses.