Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a type of vasculitis, which is the inflammation of blood vessels. It primarily affects small blood vessels in the skin, intestines, joints, and kidneys. HSP commonly occurs in children between the ages of 2 and 11, but can also affect adults.
The exact cause of HSP is unknown, but it is believed to be an abnormal immune system response following an infection or an allergic reaction. The hallmark symptom of HSP is a distinctive rash called purpura, which appears as small, reddish-purple spots on the skin. These spots are caused by bleeding under the skin.
Other symptoms of HSP may include: abdominal pain, joint pain, swelling, gastrointestinal issues (such as vomiting or diarrhea), and blood in the urine. In most cases, HSP resolves on its own within a few weeks without any long-term complications.
However, in some cases, HSP can lead to: kidney damage, arthritis, or gastrointestinal bleeding. Treatment for HSP focuses on managing symptoms and may include rest, pain relievers, anti-inflammatory medications, and in severe cases, corticosteroids.
If you suspect you or your child may have HSP, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.