What is Hiatus Hernia

A hiatus hernia, also known as hiatal hernia, is a condition where a portion of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm into the chest cavity. The diaphragm is a muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen and helps in breathing. In a hiatus hernia, the upper part of the stomach pushes up through an opening in the diaphragm called the hiatus.

This condition can be classified into two types: sliding hiatus hernia and paraesophageal hiatus hernia. Sliding hiatus hernia is the most common type, where the junction between the esophagus and stomach slides up into the chest. Paraesophageal hiatus hernia is less common but more serious, as it involves the stomach pushing up alongside the esophagus.

Hiatus hernias can cause a variety of symptoms, including heartburn, regurgitation, chest pain, difficulty swallowing, and belching. However, some individuals with a hiatus hernia may not experience any symptoms at all.

Treatment options for hiatus hernia depend on the severity of symptoms. Lifestyle changes such as weight loss, avoiding large meals, and elevating the head of the bed can help alleviate symptoms. Medications to reduce stomach acid and relieve symptoms may also be prescribed. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair the hernia.