What is Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS) is a rare and complex congenital heart defect that affects the left side of the heart. In individuals with HLHS, the left side of the heart, including the left ventricle, mitral valve, and aorta, is underdeveloped or too small to function properly.

This condition occurs during fetal development and is present at birth. It is considered a critical congenital heart defect, requiring immediate medical attention. Infants with HLHS typically experience severe symptoms shortly after birth, as the left side of the heart is unable to pump oxygen-rich blood effectively to the body.

Treatment for HLHS usually involves a series of surgeries, starting with a procedure called the Norwood operation, followed by the Glenn and Fontan procedures. These surgeries aim to reroute blood flow and improve heart function. In some cases, a heart transplant may be necessary.

Living with HLHS requires ongoing medical care and monitoring. While treatment advancements have improved outcomes, HLHS remains a complex condition that requires lifelong management and support.