Infectious arthritis / Septic arthritis synonyms

Infectious arthritis, also known as septic arthritis, is a condition characterized by joint inflammation caused by an infection. It occurs when bacteria, viruses, or fungi enter the joint space, leading to an inflammatory response. This condition can affect people of all ages, including children and adults.

Symptoms:

The symptoms of infectious arthritis can vary depending on the individual and the underlying cause. However, common signs and symptoms may include:

• Joint pain: The affected joint(s) may be tender, swollen, and painful.


• Joint warmth: The joint(s) may feel warm to the touch due to inflammation.


• Joint stiffness: Limited range of motion and difficulty moving the joint(s) may be experienced.


• Fever: In some cases, individuals may develop a fever, which is a systemic response to the infection.


• Chills: Shivering or feeling cold may occur as a result of the body's immune response.


• General malaise: Fatigue, weakness, and a sense of overall discomfort may be present.

Causes:

Infectious arthritis can be caused by various microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Common bacteria that can lead to septic arthritis include Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species. Viral infections, such as hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), can also cause infectious arthritis. Additionally, fungal infections, like Candida or Aspergillus, can be responsible for this condition.

Treatment:

Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are crucial in managing infectious arthritis. The treatment approach typically involves a combination of antibiotics or antiviral medications to target the underlying infection. In some cases, joint drainage may be necessary to remove infected fluid. Pain relievers and anti-inflammatory drugs may also be prescribed to alleviate symptoms and reduce inflammation. Physical therapy and rehabilitation exercises can help restore joint function and mobility.

If left untreated, infectious arthritis can lead to severe joint damage and long-term complications. Therefore, it is important to seek medical attention if symptoms suggestive of septic arthritis arise. A healthcare professional can perform a thorough evaluation, including physical examination, imaging tests, and joint fluid analysis, to confirm the diagnosis and guide appropriate treatment.