Infectious arthritis, also known as septic arthritis, is a condition characterized by joint inflammation caused by an infection. It occurs when bacteria, viruses, or fungi enter the joint space, leading to an inflammatory response. The infection can reach the joint through various means, such as direct penetration, spread from nearby tissues, or through the bloodstream.
Symptoms of infectious arthritis include severe joint pain, swelling, redness, warmth, and limited range of motion. The affected joint may also feel tender to the touch. In some cases, individuals may experience fever and chills.
Diagnosis of infectious arthritis involves a thorough medical history review, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Joint fluid analysis is a crucial step, where a sample is taken from the affected joint to identify the specific infectious agent causing the inflammation.
Treatment for infectious arthritis typically involves a combination of antibiotics or antifungal medications to eliminate the infection. In severe cases, joint drainage or surgical intervention may be necessary. Pain management and physical therapy may also be recommended to improve joint function and reduce discomfort.
Prevention of infectious arthritis involves practicing good hygiene, promptly treating infections, and taking precautions to avoid joint injuries. Individuals with pre-existing joint conditions or compromised immune systems should take extra care to minimize the risk of developing septic arthritis.