What is Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that primarily affects children and adolescents. It is characterized by persistent joint inflammation, causing pain, stiffness, and swelling. JIA is the most common form of arthritis in children, with various subtypes based on the number of joints involved and other specific symptoms.

The exact cause of JIA is unknown, but it is believed to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues, particularly the synovium (lining of the joints), leading to inflammation and joint damage over time.

Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to manage JIA effectively and prevent long-term complications. Treatment approaches may include a combination of medications, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications. The goal is to reduce pain, control inflammation, preserve joint function, and improve the child's overall quality of life.

Living with JIA can be challenging for both the child and their family, as it may impact daily activities, school attendance, and social interactions. However, with proper medical care, support, and education, many children with JIA can lead active and fulfilling lives.