Which are the symptoms of Kawasaki Disease?

Kawasaki Disease is a rare but serious condition that primarily affects children under the age of five. It is characterized by inflammation of the blood vessels throughout the body, including the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart. The exact cause of Kawasaki Disease is unknown, but it is believed to involve an abnormal immune response triggered by an infection or other environmental factors.

The symptoms of Kawasaki Disease can vary from child to child, and the disease typically progresses through several phases:

1. Acute Phase: This phase usually lasts for about 1-2 weeks and is characterized by:

• Persistent Fever: A high fever (often above 102°F) that lasts for at least five days is one of the hallmark symptoms of Kawasaki Disease.


• Rash: A widespread rash, often resembling a sunburn, may appear on the trunk and extremities. The rash is typically not itchy.


• Red Eyes: Conjunctivitis (redness and inflammation of the eyes) is common and may be accompanied by eye pain.


• Swollen Lymph Nodes: The lymph nodes in the neck are often enlarged and tender.


• Swollen Hands and Feet: The hands and feet may become swollen and red, with peeling skin on the fingertips.


• Red, Cracked Lips and Strawberry Tongue: The lips may be dry, cracked, and have a characteristic bright red color. The tongue may also appear red and bumpy, resembling a strawberry.

2. Subacute Phase: This phase typically begins around the second week of illness and may last for several weeks. During this phase, the symptoms may become less severe, but complications can still occur. Some common symptoms include:

• Peeling Skin: The skin on the hands and feet may start to peel, often in large sheets.


• Joint Pain: Joint pain and swelling, particularly in the knees and ankles, may occur.


• Abdominal Pain: Some children may experience abdominal pain, vomiting, or diarrhea.

3. Convalescent Phase: This phase begins when the acute symptoms have resolved, and it can last for several months. During this phase, the child may appear normal, but the risk of complications, particularly involving the heart, still exists.

It is important to note that not all children with Kawasaki Disease will experience every symptom, and the severity of the symptoms can vary. However, the persistent fever lasting more than five days, along with other characteristic symptoms, should raise suspicion for Kawasaki Disease. If left untreated, Kawasaki Disease can lead to serious complications, including damage to the coronary arteries and an increased risk of heart problems.

If you suspect your child may have Kawasaki Disease, it is crucial to seek medical attention promptly. Early diagnosis and treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and aspirin can help reduce the risk of complications and improve outcomes.