What is Keratomalacia

Keratomalacia is a serious eye condition characterized by the softening and degeneration of the cornea, the transparent front part of the eye. It is primarily caused by a severe deficiency of vitamin A, which is essential for maintaining the health of the cornea. The condition is most commonly observed in developing countries where malnutrition and inadequate dietary intake of vitamin A are prevalent.

Symptoms: Keratomalacia typically presents with symptoms such as night blindness, dryness and cloudiness of the cornea, sensitivity to light, and eventually, complete loss of vision if left untreated.

Treatment: The treatment of keratomalacia involves addressing the underlying vitamin A deficiency. This is usually achieved through oral or intramuscular administration of high-dose vitamin A supplements. In severe cases, hospitalization and intensive medical care may be required to prevent further damage to the cornea and restore vision.

Prevention: Preventing keratomalacia involves ensuring an adequate intake of vitamin A through a balanced diet that includes foods rich in this essential nutrient, such as carrots, spinach, sweet potatoes, and liver. Public health initiatives, such as vitamin A supplementation programs, are also crucial in preventing this condition in at-risk populations.