What is Kleine-Levin syndrome

Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS), also known as "Sleeping Beauty syndrome," is a rare neurological disorder characterized by recurring episodes of excessive sleepiness and altered behavior. Individuals with KLS experience periods, known as "episodes," that can last from a few days to several weeks or even months.

During these episodes, affected individuals may sleep for abnormally long durations, sometimes up to 20 hours a day. They often have difficulty waking up and may exhibit a range of cognitive and behavioral changes, including confusion, irritability, hypersexuality, and compulsive eating.

The cause of KLS is not yet fully understood, but it is believed to involve dysfunction in the hypothalamus and thalamus regions of the brain. KLS primarily affects adolescents and young adults, with symptoms typically appearing between the ages of 15 and 25.

While there is no cure for KLS, management of the syndrome focuses on symptom relief and support during episodes. Medications such as stimulants and mood stabilizers may be prescribed to help control excessive sleepiness and mood disturbances. Most individuals with KLS eventually outgrow the condition, with episodes becoming less frequent and severe over time.