Lymphoedema is a chronic condition characterized by the accumulation of lymph fluid in certain parts of the body, typically the arms or legs. It occurs when the lymphatic system, responsible for draining excess fluid from tissues, is damaged or blocked. Lymphoedema can be either primary (congenital) or secondary (acquired due to an underlying condition or treatment).
Swelling: The most common symptom of lymphoedema is persistent swelling in the affected area. This swelling may range from mild to severe and can gradually worsen over time. It is often painless but can cause discomfort, heaviness, or aching sensation.
Changes in skin texture: Lymphoedema can lead to changes in the skin's appearance and texture. The skin may feel tight, thickened, or hardened due to the accumulation of protein-rich fluid. It may also appear red, warm, or shiny.
Decreased flexibility: As lymphoedema progresses, the affected limb may become less flexible. The swelling and increased tissue volume can restrict movement and make it challenging to bend or straighten the limb fully.
Recurring infections: Lymphoedema impairs the immune system's ability to fight off infections, making affected individuals more susceptible to recurrent infections. Cellulitis, a bacterial skin infection, is a common complication of lymphoedema. Symptoms of cellulitis include redness, warmth, pain, and fever.
Heaviness and discomfort: The accumulation of excess fluid can cause a sensation of heaviness or fullness in the affected limb. This can make it difficult to perform daily activities and may lead to discomfort or pain.
Restricted range of motion: Lymphoedema can limit the range of motion in the affected limb, making it challenging to perform certain movements. This can impact daily activities, such as dressing, walking, or exercising.
Worsening swelling with activity: Physical activity or prolonged standing can exacerbate lymphoedema symptoms. The affected limb may swell further during or after exercise, requiring additional management strategies to alleviate the swelling.
Psychological impact: Living with lymphoedema can have a significant psychological impact on individuals. The visible swelling and changes in body image may lead to feelings of self-consciousness, embarrassment, or depression. Seeking emotional support and counseling can be beneficial in managing the emotional aspects of living with lymphoedema.
Other symptoms: In some cases, individuals with lymphoedema may experience additional symptoms such as tingling, numbness, or aching in the affected limb. These symptoms can vary depending on the severity and progression of the condition.
If you suspect you may have lymphoedema or are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management plan.