What is the prevalence of Melorheostosis?

Melorheostosis is a rare and progressive bone disorder characterized by abnormal growth of the outer layer of bone, known as the cortex. The exact prevalence of melorheostosis is not well-established due to its rarity and the lack of comprehensive studies. However, it is estimated to affect approximately 1 in 1 million individuals worldwide. This condition typically presents in early childhood or adolescence and affects both males and females equally. Melorheostosis can involve a single bone or multiple bones, and its severity can vary widely among individuals. The most commonly affected bones include the long bones of the limbs, such as the femur and tibia, as well as the bones of the hands and feet. The abnormal bone growth can cause pain, limited range of motion, and deformities. While the exact cause of melorheostosis is unknown, it is thought to arise from somatic mutations in a specific gene. Diagnosis is often challenging and relies on clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and sometimes genetic testing. Treatment options are limited and primarily focus on managing symptoms and improving quality of life for affected individuals.