Is it advisable to do exercise when affected by Moyamoya? Which activities would you suggest and how intense should they be?

Moyamoya disease is a rare and progressive cerebrovascular disorder that affects the blood vessels in the brain. It is characterized by the narrowing or blockage of the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow to certain areas of the brain. Given the nature of this condition, it is important to approach exercise with caution and seek guidance from healthcare professionals.

While exercise can have numerous benefits for overall health and well-being, it is crucial to consider the specific needs and limitations of individuals with Moyamoya. The primary goal of exercise in this context should be to promote cardiovascular fitness, improve circulation, and enhance overall physical function.

Low-impact aerobic exercises are generally recommended for individuals with Moyamoya, as they minimize the risk of injury and excessive strain on the blood vessels. These exercises can include:

• Walking: A simple and accessible form of exercise that can be tailored to individual fitness levels. Start with shorter durations and gradually increase the distance and intensity.


• Cycling: Whether on a stationary bike or outdoors, cycling provides a low-impact cardiovascular workout. Adjust the resistance and duration based on personal capabilities.


• Swimming: Water-based activities are gentle on the joints and offer a full-body workout. Swimming or water aerobics can be beneficial for individuals with Moyamoya.


• Elliptical training: This exercise machine provides a low-impact alternative to running or jogging, while still engaging multiple muscle groups and improving cardiovascular fitness.

Strength training exercises can also be incorporated into the exercise routine, but it is important to use light weights and focus on proper form to avoid straining the blood vessels. Some suitable strength training exercises include:

• Bodyweight exercises: Push-ups, squats, lunges, and planks can help improve muscular strength and endurance without the need for additional weights.


• Resistance band exercises: Using resistance bands can provide a controlled and safe way to strengthen various muscle groups.


• Lightweight exercises: Incorporating light dumbbells or weight machines with low resistance can help improve overall strength without excessive strain.

Flexibility exercises are essential to maintain joint mobility and prevent muscle tightness. Stretching exercises should be performed after a proper warm-up to increase blood flow and reduce the risk of injury. Some beneficial flexibility exercises include:

• Static stretching: Holding gentle stretches for 15-30 seconds can help improve flexibility and range of motion.


• Yoga or Pilates: These practices focus on flexibility, balance, and core strength, promoting overall physical well-being.


• Tai Chi: This gentle martial art combines slow, flowing movements with deep breathing and relaxation techniques, enhancing flexibility and reducing stress.

Intensity is a crucial factor to consider when exercising with Moyamoya. It is recommended to start with low to moderate intensity exercises and gradually increase the duration and intensity over time. Monitoring heart rate during exercise can be helpful in maintaining a safe and appropriate intensity level. Consulting with a healthcare professional or a qualified exercise specialist can provide personalized guidance on exercise intensity based on individual health status and capabilities.

It is important to note that exercise recommendations may vary depending on the severity of Moyamoya and any associated symptoms or complications. Therefore, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any exercise program. They can provide specific guidance tailored to individual needs and ensure that exercise is safe and beneficial.