What is Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome

Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by involuntary eye movements (opsoclonus) and muscle jerks (myoclonus). It primarily affects children, but can also occur in adults. OMS is often associated with an underlying tumor, most commonly neuroblastoma, a type of cancer that develops from immature nerve cells.

Opsoclonus refers to rapid, uncontrolled eye movements that occur in all directions, making it difficult for affected individuals to focus their vision. These eye movements are often described as "dancing eyes."

Myoclonus refers to sudden, brief muscle contractions or jerks. These can affect various muscles in the body, leading to uncontrolled movements and muscle stiffness.

Other symptoms of OMS may include ataxia (uncoordinated movements), irritability, sleep disturbances, speech difficulties, and cognitive impairment. The exact cause of OMS is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve an autoimmune response where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells in the nervous system.

Treatment for OMS typically involves addressing the underlying cause, such as tumor removal or immunotherapy. Medications may be prescribed to manage symptoms and control inflammation. Physical and occupational therapy can help improve motor skills and coordination. With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, many individuals with OMS can experience significant improvement in their symptoms and overall quality of life.