Pheochromocytoma is a rare, but potentially serious, tumor that develops in the adrenal glands. These glands are located on top of the kidneys and produce hormones that regulate various bodily functions. Pheochromocytomas arise from specialized cells in the adrenal glands called chromaffin cells, which release hormones like adrenaline and noradrenaline.
Pheochromocytomas can cause excessive production and release of these hormones, leading to a range of symptoms. These symptoms may include high blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, severe headaches, excessive sweating, anxiety, and palpitations. The tumor can be sporadic or inherited as part of a genetic condition.
Diagnosis of pheochromocytoma involves various tests, including blood and urine tests, imaging studies, and genetic testing. Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the tumor. Prior to surgery, medications may be prescribed to control blood pressure and stabilize the patient's condition. In some cases, radiation therapy or targeted drug therapy may be recommended.
Early detection and treatment of pheochromocytoma are crucial to prevent complications such as heart attacks, strokes, or organ damage. Regular follow-up visits and monitoring are necessary to ensure the tumor does not recur.