What is Pigmented villonodular synovitis

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare joint disorder characterized by the abnormal growth of tissue in the synovium, which is the lining of the joints. This condition primarily affects the large joints such as the knee, hip, and ankle, but can also occur in smaller joints.

PVNS can be categorized into two forms: localized and diffuse. Localized PVNS typically affects a single area of the joint, while diffuse PVNS involves a larger portion of the joint and can spread to surrounding tissues.

The exact cause of PVNS is unknown, but it is believed to be related to an abnormal immune response or genetic factors. Symptoms of PVNS may include joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and limited range of motion. In some cases, PVNS can lead to joint damage and osteoarthritis.

Diagnosis of PVNS involves a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, imaging tests (such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans), and sometimes a biopsy of the affected tissue. Treatment options for PVNS include surgical removal of the abnormal tissue, radiation therapy, and medication to manage symptoms.

Early detection and intervention are crucial in managing PVNS and preventing long-term joint damage. Regular follow-up appointments with a healthcare professional are important to monitor the condition and ensure appropriate treatment.