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How is Pituitary tumour diagnosed?

See how Pituitary tumour is diagnosed. Which specialists are essential to meet, what tests are needed and other useful information for the diagnosis of Pituitary tumour

Pituitary tumour diagnosis

Diagnosis of Pituitary Tumour


A pituitary tumour is a growth or mass that develops in the pituitary gland, which is a small pea-sized gland located at the base of the brain. These tumours can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) and can cause various hormonal imbalances and other symptoms.


Diagnosing a pituitary tumour involves a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests. The process typically includes the following steps:



1. Medical History Evaluation


The first step in diagnosing a pituitary tumour is a thorough evaluation of the patient's medical history. The healthcare provider will ask questions about the patient's symptoms, their duration and severity, as well as any relevant family history. This information helps in understanding the potential underlying causes and guides further investigations.



2. Physical Examination


After the medical history evaluation, a physical examination is conducted to assess any visible signs or symptoms associated with a pituitary tumour. The healthcare provider may check for changes in vision, signs of hormonal imbalances, or any other physical abnormalities that could be related to the tumour.



3. Hormonal Testing


Pituitary tumours often disrupt the normal production and release of hormones from the pituitary gland. Therefore, hormonal testing plays a crucial role in the diagnosis. Blood tests are performed to measure the levels of various hormones, such as growth hormone, prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and others. Deviations from the normal hormone levels can indicate the presence of a pituitary tumour and help determine the specific type.



4. Imaging Studies


Imaging studies are essential to visualize the pituitary gland and detect any abnormalities. The most commonly used imaging technique for diagnosing pituitary tumours is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI provides detailed images of the brain and pituitary gland, allowing healthcare professionals to identify the size, location, and characteristics of the tumour. In some cases, computed tomography (CT) scans may be used as an alternative imaging modality.



5. Visual Field Testing


Pituitary tumours can sometimes exert pressure on the optic nerves, leading to visual disturbances. To assess any potential vision problems, visual field testing is performed. This test involves the patient looking into a machine and indicating when they see lights or other visual stimuli. It helps determine if the tumour is affecting the peripheral vision.



6. Biopsy (if necessary)


In certain cases, a biopsy may be required to confirm the diagnosis of a pituitary tumour. However, pituitary tumours are usually diagnosed based on clinical and imaging findings, and biopsies are less commonly performed. If a biopsy is deemed necessary, it is typically done through a minimally invasive procedure called transsphenoidal surgery, where a small sample of the tumour is obtained for laboratory analysis.



7. Consultation with Specialists


Diagnosing and managing pituitary tumours often involves a multidisciplinary approach. Depending on the specific hormonal imbalances and symptoms, the patient may be referred to various specialists, such as endocrinologists, neurosurgeons, ophthalmologists, or radiation oncologists. These specialists collaborate to develop an appropriate treatment plan tailored to the individual's needs.



Early diagnosis of pituitary tumours is crucial for timely treatment and better patient outcomes. If you suspect you may have a pituitary tumour or are experiencing symptoms associated with hormonal imbalances, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for a comprehensive evaluation and appropriate management.


Diseasemaps
3 answers
Pituitary tumors are usually identified through blood work and MRI. Usually an endocrinologist, who specializes in pituitary tumors and their treatment is required and sometimes a neurosurgeon. A careful review of all symptoms is needed, because these tumors affect the whole body and how it functions.

Posted Feb 27, 2017 by Sue 1000
My endocrinologist, neurologist, neurosurgeon, and ent were the group of doctors monitoring whether surgery was an option and what the best care plan would be. Initially, my tumor was diagnosed through a CT scan. After the er doctors findings, I was referred to a team of the aboved mentioned doctors. An MRI and a blood panel was done. Primarily to see the size, to see if it was suppressing the optic nerve, to see if it had begun to invade my sinuses, and to see if my hormone levels were abnormal.

Posted Oct 15, 2017 by Brandy 900

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