Which are the causes of Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta?

Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (PLEVA) is a rare skin condition characterized by the development of small, red, scaly papules or vesicles on the skin. The exact cause of PLEVA is still unknown, but several factors have been suggested to contribute to its development.

Infectious Agents: Some studies have proposed that PLEVA may be triggered by certain infectious agents, such as viruses or bacteria. However, no specific pathogen has been consistently associated with the condition.

Immune System Dysfunction: PLEVA is believed to be an immune-mediated disorder, meaning that it occurs due to an abnormal immune response. It is thought that an overactive immune system may mistakenly attack the skin cells, leading to the characteristic skin lesions.

Genetic Factors: There is evidence to suggest that genetic factors may play a role in the development of PLEVA. Some individuals may have a genetic predisposition that makes them more susceptible to the condition. However, more research is needed to fully understand the genetic basis of PLEVA.

Environmental Triggers: Certain environmental factors may trigger or exacerbate PLEVA in susceptible individuals. These triggers can vary from person to person and may include exposure to sunlight, certain medications, or other unknown factors.

Autoimmune Response: PLEVA has been associated with autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. It is believed that the underlying autoimmune response in these conditions may contribute to the development of PLEVA.

Stress and Emotional Factors: Some cases of PLEVA have been linked to stress and emotional factors. It is thought that stress can weaken the immune system and trigger or worsen the symptoms of PLEVA.

Hormonal Imbalances: Hormonal imbalances, such as those occurring during puberty or pregnancy, have been suggested as potential triggers for PLEVA. Fluctuations in hormone levels may influence the immune system and contribute to the development of the condition.

It is important to note that while these factors have been associated with PLEVA, the exact mechanisms by which they contribute to the condition are still not fully understood. Further research is needed to unravel the complex interplay between these factors and the development of PLEVA.