Which are the causes of Pleurisy?

Pleurisy, also known as pleuritis, is a condition characterized by inflammation of the pleura, the thin membranes that line the chest cavity and surround the lungs. This inflammation can cause sharp chest pain, difficulty breathing, and other discomforting symptoms. Pleurisy can be caused by various factors, including:

Infections:

Infections are one of the primary causes of pleurisy. Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections can lead to inflammation of the pleura. Common respiratory infections such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, and bronchitis can spread to the pleura and trigger pleurisy. In some cases, pleurisy may also result from infections in nearby organs, like the heart or abdomen.

Lung Diseases:

Underlying lung diseases can contribute to the development of pleurisy. Conditions such as lung cancer, pulmonary embolism (blood clot in the lung), sarcoidosis, and pulmonary fibrosis can cause inflammation in the pleura. These diseases can directly affect the pleura or indirectly lead to pleurisy through associated complications.

Autoimmune Disorders:

Autoimmune disorders are conditions where the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues in the body. Certain autoimmune diseases like lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus can cause inflammation in the pleura, leading to pleurisy. The immune system's abnormal response can trigger chronic or recurrent episodes of pleurisy.

Chest Trauma:

Chest trauma can result in pleurisy. Accidents, falls, or injuries that impact the chest wall can cause the pleura to become inflamed. Fractured ribs, punctured lungs, or other chest injuries can directly damage the pleura, leading to pleurisy. Even surgeries or medical procedures involving the chest area can sometimes cause inflammation.

Other Causes:

Pleurisy can also be caused by a variety of other factors, including:

• Certain medications: Some medications, such as certain antibiotics or drugs used in chemotherapy, can cause pleurisy as a side effect.


• Environmental factors: Exposure to certain environmental irritants, such as asbestos or certain chemicals, can lead to pleurisy.


• Unknown causes: In some cases, the exact cause of pleurisy may remain unknown, and it is referred to as idiopathic pleurisy.

It is important to note that pleurisy can occur in individuals of any age or gender. Certain risk factors, such as smoking, a weakened immune system, or a history of respiratory infections, may increase the likelihood of developing pleurisy.

If you experience symptoms suggestive of pleurisy, such as sharp chest pain that worsens with breathing or coughing, shortness of breath, or fever, it is crucial to seek medical attention. A healthcare professional can diagnose the underlying cause of pleurisy through a physical examination, medical history review, imaging tests, and sometimes additional diagnostic procedures.