Pneumothorax, also known as collapsed lung, is a medical condition characterized by the presence of air or gas in the pleural cavity, the space between the lungs and the chest wall. This abnormal accumulation of air can cause the lung to collapse partially or completely, leading to various symptoms and potential complications.
Synonyms for pneumothorax:
Pneumothorax can occur spontaneously, often without any apparent cause, or it can be caused by trauma, underlying lung diseases, or medical procedures. Common symptoms of pneumothorax include sudden sharp chest pain, shortness of breath, rapid breathing, and decreased breath sounds on the affected side. If left untreated, pneumothorax can lead to severe respiratory distress and potentially life-threatening complications.
Diagnosis of pneumothorax typically involves a physical examination, imaging tests such as chest X-rays or CT scans, and sometimes additional procedures like ultrasound or thoracoscopy. Treatment options depend on the severity of the condition and may include observation, aspiration of the accumulated air, or insertion of a chest tube to drain the air and allow the lung to re-expand.
It is important to seek immediate medical attention if pneumothorax is suspected, as prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for a successful recovery.