Which are the symptoms of Polycythemia Vera?

Symptoms of Polycythemia Vera

Polycythemia Vera (PV) is a rare blood disorder characterized by the overproduction of red blood cells in the bone marrow. This condition leads to an increased thickness and viscosity of the blood, which can cause a variety of symptoms. While the severity and presentation of symptoms can vary from person to person, there are several common signs to watch out for.

1. Fatigue and Weakness

One of the most common symptoms of PV is persistent fatigue and weakness. The increased thickness of the blood makes it harder for oxygen to reach various tissues and organs, leading to a feeling of constant tiredness.

2. Headaches and Dizziness

The reduced oxygen supply to the brain can result in frequent headaches and dizziness. These symptoms may be more pronounced after physical exertion or prolonged periods of standing.

3. Shortness of Breath

As PV progresses, it can affect the lungs' ability to receive adequate oxygen, leading to shortness of breath, especially during physical activity or when lying flat.

4. Itchy Skin and Burning Sensation

Many individuals with PV experience intense itching, particularly after a warm bath or shower. This itching is often accompanied by a burning sensation on the skin.

5. Sweating and Night Sweats

Excessive sweating, especially at night, is a common symptom of PV. This can disrupt sleep patterns and contribute to feelings of fatigue.

6. Enlarged Spleen

In some cases, PV can cause the spleen to enlarge. This can result in abdominal discomfort or pain, early satiety, and a feeling of fullness.

7. Vision Problems

Due to the increased blood thickness, PV can affect blood flow to the eyes, leading to vision problems such as blurred vision, double vision, or even vision loss in severe cases.

8. Bleeding and Bruising

Individuals with PV may experience an increased tendency to bleed or bruise easily. This is because the excess red blood cells can interfere with normal blood clotting mechanisms.

9. High Blood Pressure

Polycythemia Vera can also lead to high blood pressure (hypertension). This occurs as a result of the increased blood volume and viscosity.

10. Thrombosis and Blood Clots

One of the most serious complications of PV is the increased risk of blood clots (thrombosis). These clots can occur in various locations, such as deep veins (deep vein thrombosis) or in the arteries supplying vital organs, potentially leading to life-threatening conditions like stroke or heart attack.

If you experience any of these symptoms or suspect you may have Polycythemia Vera, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and appropriate management.