Rasmussen's encephalitis is a rare and chronic inflammatory neurological disorder that primarily affects children. It is characterized by frequent and severe seizures, progressive neurological deterioration, and inflammation of one hemisphere of the brain.
The prevalence of Rasmussen's encephalitis is estimated to be very low, affecting approximately 1 in every 1 million individuals. It is considered an extremely rare condition, making it challenging to gather accurate data on its prevalence.
Rasmussen's encephalitis typically begins in childhood, between the ages of 2 and 10 years old. It is more common in females than males, with a ratio of approximately 3:1. The exact cause of the condition is unknown, but it is believed to involve an autoimmune response, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy brain tissue.
Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in managing Rasmussen's encephalitis. Treatment options may include antiepileptic medications to control seizures, immunosuppressive therapies to reduce inflammation, and in some cases, surgical interventions such as hemispherectomy (removal of the affected hemisphere) to alleviate symptoms.
While Rasmussen's encephalitis is a rare condition, its impact on individuals and their families can be significant. Ongoing research and advancements in understanding the disorder are essential to improve diagnosis, treatment, and quality of life for those affected.