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What is the prevalence of Refractory Celiac Disease?

How many people does Refractory Celiac Disease affect? Does it have the same prevalence in men and women? And in the different countries?

Prevalence of Refractory Celiac Disease

The prevalence of Refractory Celiac Disease (RCD) is relatively low, affecting a small percentage of individuals with celiac disease. RCD is a rare condition characterized by persistent symptoms and intestinal damage despite adherence to a gluten-free diet. It is estimated that RCD affects approximately 1-2% of individuals with celiac disease. Early diagnosis and proper management are crucial to prevent complications and improve outcomes for individuals with RCD.



Refractory Celiac Disease (RCD) is a rare and challenging condition that affects individuals with celiac disease. It is characterized by persistent symptoms and intestinal damage despite adherence to a strict gluten-free diet. RCD can be classified into two types: RCD type I, where abnormal intraepithelial lymphocytes are present but do not show clonal expansion, and RCD type II, which involves the presence of clonal expansions of abnormal lymphocytes.


The prevalence of RCD is relatively low compared to celiac disease. Studies suggest that RCD affects approximately 1-2% of individuals with celiac disease. However, it is important to note that the prevalence may vary depending on the population studied and diagnostic criteria used. RCD is more commonly diagnosed in older individuals, with a median age of diagnosis around 50-60 years.


Due to its rarity and complexity, RCD requires specialized medical care and management. Treatment options for RCD aim to control symptoms, promote intestinal healing, and prevent complications. These may include immunosuppressive medications, nutritional support, and close monitoring of the patient's condition.


In conclusion, while RCD is a relatively uncommon condition, it poses significant challenges for individuals with celiac disease. Early diagnosis, proper management, and ongoing research are crucial in improving outcomes for those affected by refractory celiac disease.


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