Which are the symptoms of Retinoblastoma?

Symptoms of Retinoblastoma

Retinoblastoma is a rare form of eye cancer that primarily affects young children. It originates in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. Early detection and treatment are crucial for a successful outcome, so it is important to be aware of the symptoms associated with retinoblastoma. While these symptoms may vary from child to child, here are some common signs to watch out for:

1. Leukocoria (White Pupil)

One of the most prominent and easily identifiable symptoms of retinoblastoma is leukocoria, also known as the "white pupil." Instead of the normal red-eye reflection seen in photographs, the affected eye may appear white or have a yellowish glow. This abnormal reflection occurs due to the presence of a tumor in the retina obstructing the passage of light.

2. Strabismus (Crossed or Misaligned Eyes)

Retinoblastoma can cause strabismus, a condition where the eyes are not properly aligned. This misalignment may result in one eye turning inward or outward, leading to crossed eyes. If you notice your child's eyes not aligning correctly or consistently, it could be a sign of retinoblastoma.

3. Poor Vision or Decreased Visual Acuity

Children with retinoblastoma may experience a decline in their visual acuity or overall vision. They may have difficulty seeing objects clearly or complain of blurred vision. Since retinoblastoma typically affects only one eye, the child may compensate by relying more on the unaffected eye, making it harder to detect visual changes.

4. Eye Redness, Swelling, or Inflammation

In some cases, retinoblastoma can cause redness, swelling, or inflammation in the affected eye. This may be accompanied by pain or discomfort. If your child's eye appears red or swollen without any apparent cause, it is essential to have it evaluated by a healthcare professional.

5. Change in the Color of the Iris

Retinoblastoma can lead to a change in the color of the iris, which is the colored part of the eye. The affected eye may exhibit a white or yellowish discoloration, or there may be visible spots or specks on the iris. Any noticeable changes in the iris should be promptly examined by an eye specialist.

6. Squinting or Nystagmus (Involuntary Eye Movement)

Children with retinoblastoma may squint or experience nystagmus, which is characterized by rapid, involuntary eye movements. These movements can be side-to-side, up and down, or rotary in nature. If you observe your child frequently squinting or their eyes moving abnormally, it is advisable to seek medical attention.

7. Eye Pain or Redness in the Absence of Injury

If your child complains of eye pain or experiences redness in the absence of any known injury or infection, it could be a potential symptom of retinoblastoma. Persistent or unexplained eye discomfort should always be evaluated by a healthcare professional.

It is important to note that these symptoms can be caused by various other eye conditions or may even be unrelated to any serious health issue. However, if you notice any of these signs in your child, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional or an eye specialist for a proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment.