What is Semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome

Semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome (SCDS) is a medical condition that affects the inner ear, specifically the semicircular canals. These canals are responsible for detecting rotational movements of the head and helping maintain balance. In individuals with SCDS, there is an abnormal thinning or absence of bone covering the semicircular canals, leading to various symptoms.

The most common symptoms of SCDS include dizziness, vertigo (a spinning sensation), hearing loss, and a pulsatile tinnitus (hearing a rhythmic sound in the ear). These symptoms can be triggered by certain actions, such as loud noises, changes in atmospheric pressure, or even normal activities like coughing or sneezing.

Diagnosis of SCDS involves a thorough evaluation of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and specialized tests like a vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) test or a high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scan.

Treatment options for SCDS depend on the severity of symptoms and may include conservative management, such as lifestyle modifications and avoiding triggers, or surgical intervention to repair the dehiscence and restore normal function.

It is important for individuals experiencing symptoms of SCDS to seek medical attention from an ear, nose, and throat specialist or an otologist for proper evaluation and management.