Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disorder that affects the motor neurons in the spinal cord, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy. The life expectancy of individuals with SMA can vary depending on the type and severity of the condition.
Infantile-onset SMA, the most severe form, typically manifests within the first few months of life and can significantly impact life expectancy. Without intervention, many infants with this form of SMA may not survive beyond early childhood. However, with advancements in medical care and treatments such as gene therapy and supportive therapies, the life expectancy for individuals with SMA has improved significantly in recent years.
It is important to note that each case is unique, and prognosis should be discussed with healthcare professionals familiar with the individual's specific condition.
Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disorder that affects the motor neurons in the spinal cord, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy. It is caused by a mutation in the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene, which is responsible for producing a protein essential for the survival of motor neurons.
The severity of SMA can vary widely, ranging from very severe cases in infancy to milder forms that manifest later in childhood or adulthood. SMA is typically classified into four main types based on the age of onset and the highest level of motor function achieved:
It is important to note that the life expectancy for individuals with SMA has significantly improved in recent years due to advancements in medical care, supportive therapies, and the development of disease-modifying treatments. The introduction of Spinraza (nusinersen) and Zolgensma (onasemnogene abeparvovec) as treatment options has shown promising results in slowing disease progression and improving motor function in individuals with SMA.
Early diagnosis and intervention, along with comprehensive multidisciplinary care, including physical therapy, respiratory support, and nutritional management, can greatly improve the quality of life and extend the lifespan of individuals with SMA.