How is Sydenham Chorea diagnosed?

Diagnosis of Sydenham Chorea

Sydenham Chorea, also known as St. Vitus Dance, is a neurological disorder characterized by involuntary movements, emotional disturbances, and muscle weakness. Diagnosing this condition involves a comprehensive evaluation of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and specific diagnostic tests.

Medical History

The first step in diagnosing Sydenham Chorea is obtaining a detailed medical history. The healthcare provider will inquire about the patient's symptoms, their onset, duration, and any potential triggers. They will also assess the patient's family history to determine if there is a genetic predisposition to the condition.

Physical Examination

A thorough physical examination is crucial in diagnosing Sydenham Chorea. The healthcare provider will observe the patient's movements, looking for characteristic involuntary jerky motions, muscle weakness, and coordination problems. They may also assess the patient's emotional state, as emotional disturbances are common in this condition.

Diagnostic Tests

Several diagnostic tests may be performed to confirm the diagnosis of Sydenham Chorea:

1. Blood Tests: Blood tests can help identify the presence of specific antibodies, such as anti-streptolysin O (ASO) and anti-DNase B, which indicate a recent streptococcal infection. Elevated levels of these antibodies can support the diagnosis of Sydenham Chorea.


2. Electroencephalogram (EEG): An EEG measures the electrical activity of the brain. In Sydenham Chorea, the EEG may show abnormal brain wave patterns, helping to confirm the diagnosis.


3. Brain Imaging: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or Computed Tomography (CT) scans may be performed to rule out other possible causes of the symptoms, such as brain tumors or structural abnormalities.

It is important to note that there is no single definitive test for Sydenham Chorea, and the diagnosis is often based on a combination of clinical findings and test results. The healthcare provider will consider all the information gathered during the evaluation process to make an accurate diagnosis.