Which are the symptoms of Tethered Spinal Cord Syndrome?

Symptoms of Tethered Spinal Cord Syndrome

Tethered Spinal Cord Syndrome (TSCS) is a neurological disorder that occurs when the spinal cord becomes abnormally attached to the surrounding tissues, restricting its movement. This condition is typically present at birth but may also develop later in life due to spinal cord injury or certain medical conditions.

1. Back and Leg Pain: One of the most common symptoms of TSCS is chronic back pain, which may radiate down to the legs. The pain can be dull, aching, or sharp, and it may worsen with physical activity or prolonged sitting or standing.

2. Muscle Weakness: TSCS can cause muscle weakness or atrophy in the legs, making it difficult to walk or perform daily activities. The weakness may progress over time and affect coordination and balance.

3. Sensory Changes: Individuals with TSCS may experience altered sensation in the lower back, legs, or feet. This can manifest as numbness, tingling, or a loss of sensation. Sensory changes may also affect bowel and bladder function.

4. Spinal Deformities: TSCS can lead to the development of spinal deformities such as scoliosis (sideways curvature of the spine) or kyphosis (excessive forward curvature of the upper back). These deformities may cause additional pain and discomfort.

5. Foot Abnormalities: Some individuals with TSCS may have foot abnormalities, including clubfoot (a congenital deformity where the foot is twisted inward or downward) or pes cavus (high arches). These abnormalities can further contribute to difficulties with walking and mobility.

6. Changes in Bowel and Bladder Function: TSCS can affect the nerves that control bowel and bladder function, leading to problems such as urinary or fecal incontinence, urinary retention, or constipation.

7. Tethered Cord Syndrome in Children: In infants and young children, TSCS may present with additional symptoms such as delayed motor development, difficulty walking, abnormal reflexes, or changes in leg muscle tone.

8. Other Symptoms: In some cases, TSCS may cause additional symptoms such as scoliosis-related breathing difficulties, leg or foot deformities, muscle spasms, or chronic fatigue.

If you or someone you know is experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment. TSCS can be diagnosed through a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, and imaging tests such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Treatment: The treatment for TSCS typically involves surgical intervention to release the tethered spinal cord and relieve the pressure on the nerves. Surgery aims to restore normal spinal cord movement and prevent further neurological deterioration. Physical therapy and rehabilitation may also be recommended to improve muscle strength, mobility, and overall function.