Trachoma synonyms

Trachoma is a highly contagious eye infection caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It is one of the leading causes of preventable blindness worldwide, particularly in developing countries with poor sanitation and limited access to healthcare. Trachoma primarily affects the conjunctiva, the thin membrane that covers the white part of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelids.

Trachoma is commonly referred to as "granular conjunctivitis" due to the characteristic appearance of tiny bumps or granules on the inner surface of the eyelids. These granules are actually lymphocytes and plasma cells that accumulate in response to the chronic inflammation caused by the infection.

Other synonyms for trachoma include:

• Egyptian ophthalmia: This term historically refers to the prevalence of trachoma in Egypt and the Nile River Valley.


• Granular conjunctivitis: As mentioned earlier, this term describes the appearance of the inflamed conjunctiva with granules.


• Blinding trachoma: Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide, and this term emphasizes its potential to cause severe visual impairment if left untreated.


• Trachomatous conjunctivitis: This term highlights the involvement of the conjunctiva in the disease process.


• Chronic follicular conjunctivitis: Trachoma is characterized by the presence of chronic inflammation and follicles on the conjunctiva.

Trachoma is transmitted through direct contact with eye or nasal discharge from infected individuals, as well as through contaminated objects like towels or clothing. The infection spreads easily in crowded living conditions and areas with limited access to clean water and sanitation facilities.

Early symptoms of trachoma include eye irritation, redness, and discharge. If left untreated, repeated infections can lead to scarring of the conjunctiva and inward turning of the eyelashes (trichiasis), which causes the eyelashes to rub against the cornea, leading to pain, corneal ulcers, and eventually blindness.

Prevention and treatment of trachoma involve a comprehensive approach that includes improving sanitation, promoting facial cleanliness, providing access to clean water, and administering antibiotics to affected individuals and their communities. In advanced cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to correct eyelid abnormalities and prevent further damage to the cornea.