What is Trachoma

Trachoma is a highly contagious eye infection caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It is one of the leading causes of preventable blindness worldwide, particularly in developing countries with poor sanitation and limited access to healthcare. Trachoma is transmitted through direct contact with eye and nose discharge of infected individuals, as well as through contaminated objects like towels and clothing.

Repeated infections over time can lead to scarring of the inner eyelid, causing it to turn inward. This condition, known as trichiasis, causes the eyelashes to rub against the cornea, leading to intense pain, corneal ulcers, and eventually irreversible blindness if left untreated.

Prevention and control of trachoma involve a comprehensive approach, including improving access to clean water and sanitation facilities, promoting facial cleanliness, and providing antibiotics for affected individuals. Additionally, surgery may be required to correct trichiasis and prevent further damage to the eyes.

Efforts to eliminate trachoma as a public health problem have been made through global initiatives, such as the SAFE strategy (Surgery, Antibiotics, Facial cleanliness, and Environmental improvement) led by the World Health Organization (WHO).