What is Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome

Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS) is a rare condition that affects identical twins who share a placenta in the womb. It occurs when there is an imbalance in the blood flow between the twins through the shared placenta. This condition can have serious consequences for both twins if left untreated.

TTTS is caused by abnormal blood vessel connections in the placenta, which result in an uneven distribution of blood between the twins. One twin, known as the "donor," transfers blood to the other twin, called the "recipient." The donor twin becomes smaller and may experience reduced blood supply, leading to growth restriction. On the other hand, the recipient twin receives excessive blood, putting a strain on their cardiovascular system and potentially causing complications.

Early detection and intervention are crucial in managing TTTS. Treatment options include amnioreduction, which involves removing excess amniotic fluid, or laser ablation, where the abnormal blood vessels are sealed off. These procedures aim to restore a more balanced blood flow between the twins and improve their chances of a healthy outcome.

It is important for expectant parents of twins to be aware of the signs and symptoms of TTTS and seek medical attention if they suspect any abnormalities. Regular prenatal check-ups and close monitoring by healthcare professionals are essential in managing this condition and ensuring the best possible outcome for both twins.